Rootstock Foundations
What is Rootstock?
Rootstock is Bitcoin's financial infrastructure. It is an open-source, EVM-compatible Bitcoin sidechain secured by over 85% of Bitcoin's hash power through merge mining. Businesses, financial institutions, and builders use it to launch Bitcoin-secured lending, payments, yield, and treasury products with Ethereum tooling.
See the Rootstock Stack, Merged mining, and the PowPeg.
How is Rootstock connected to Bitcoin?
Merged mining with Bitcoin
The first point of contact is through mining.
Bitcoin miners perform merged mining, securing both networks with the same infrastructure and energy consumption.
They create blocks on the Bitcoin network every 10 minutes, including transfers of bitcoin between addresses, and in the process they create new bitcoins.
On Rootstock, blocks are created every 30 seconds to secure the execution of smart contracts. This does not mint new coins, but it does earn a reward from merged mining.
See https://rootstock.io/mine-btc-with-rootstock/ for more about mining.
PowPeg with Bitcoin
The second point of contact is the PowPeg, also known as the bridge.
This component connects both networks so you can move bitcoin to Rootstock and interact with smart contracts. You pay gas in rBTC, which is pegged 1:1 with BTC.
To peg in, you send bitcoin to a special address where it is locked on Bitcoin. The same amount of rBTC is then available on Rootstock. To peg out, you send rBTC to a special address on Rootstock and receive BTC back on Bitcoin.
For PowPeg-specific security properties, see the PowPeg security summary. Published audits live in the security repository.
Explore Foundations
The Stack
Merged Mining
The independent Rootstock reference reads its figures from a Rootstock Mainnet node and links each one to its primary source. It covers the history behind these foundations, from the 2015 whitepaper to the current network upgrade. It's maintained independently of RootstockLabs.